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What is Plastic Surgery?
Plastic surgery is a broad surgical subspecialty that, unlike other specialties, isn’t confined to a single organ system. As a result, it is a technically demanding and naturally creative field that is constantly changing and reinventing itself. Plastic surgeons treat pathologies that range from congenital anomalies to cancer, trauma and degenerative conditions. Additionally, plastic surgeons are inherent team players since they work alongside other specialties like general surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, oral surgery, orthopedic surgery, otolaryngology and urology to reconstruct any anomaly or defect in the body to restore both form and function.
What is reconstructive surgery?
Reconstructive surgery repairs defects or injuries from trauma. It also restores function and a natural-looking appearance.
You may need this type of surgery if you have:
- Birth defects, such as webbed fingers, cleft lip and palate.
- Burns
- Certain medical conditions, like head and neck cancer or breast cancer.
- Scars that prevent natural movement.
- Severe injuries, like cuts or tears over large areas of skin.
What is cosmetic surgery?
Cosmetic surgery enhances appearance for nonmedical reasons. This group of procedures addresses physical features that make you self-conscious. Cosmetic surgery can bring you closer to your ideal body image. This type of surgery changes features such as:
- Shape
- Size
- Symmetry (creating more of a mirror image between two similar body parts, such as breasts).
Who performs plastic and reconstructive surgery?
Plastic surgeons perform plastic and reconstructive surgery. Surgeons from many fields perform cosmetic procedures. You may receive cosmetic surgery from a plastic surgeon, dermatologist, otolaryngologist (ear, nose and throat surgeon) or others.
Selecting your healthcare provider is important. You’re more likely to experience improved outcomes from surgeons with specialized training and experience in the procedure you need. Board-certified surgeons are an ideal choice. They must pass rigorous training and examinations demonstrating their knowledge of safety and quality practices.
What are the risks of plastic surgery?
All surgical procedures come with risks. Plastic and reconstructive surgery procedures are often complex. They may alter sensitive structures near major organs or delicate tissue. Cosmetic procedures can make significant changes to areas of your body that are otherwise healthy.
The likelihood of complications depends on various factors. They include surgery type, your health history and lifestyle factors such as smoking.
Some complications may occur during surgery, while others can develop after your recovery.
One of the main risks is that you might not achieve the result that you were expecting.
Other potential risks of plastic surgery include:
- Abnormal scarring.
- Blood clots.
- Blood loss.
- Complications of anesthesia, such as respiratory issues during your procedure.
- Fluid build-up (edema).
- Infection.
- Nerve damage, leading to neuropathy.
- Scarring that prevents natural movement.
- Slow-healing wounds and incisions that take longer than expected to heal.
What are the benefits of plastic surgery?
For most people, the benefits of cosmetic or reconstructive surgery outweigh the risks. There’s a lot you can gain from pursuing these procedures, including:
- Better quality of life.
- Enhanced body image and self-esteem.
- Improved safety, such as seeing better after removing extra eyelid skin.
- More natural appearance.
- Pain relief and greater independence after correcting defects that make it difficult to move.
- Restored functioning, like eating solid food after recovering from jaw surgery.