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What is Gynaecology?
Gynecology and obstetrics are twin subjects that deal with the female reproductive system. While obstetrics deals with pregnancy and its associated procedures and complications, gynaecology involves treating women who are not pregnant.
Gynecology comprises of both medicine as well as surgical fields. While many of the gynaecological illnesses need hormonal and other pharmacological management, cancers, fibroids etc. require surgical removal.
What is a Gynaecologist?
A gynaecologist is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the female reproductive system. Your reproductive system is responsible for pregnancy and menstruation. It consists of the:
- Vulva.
- Uterus.
- Ovaries.
- Fallopian tubes.
- Cervix.
- Vagina.
- Breasts.
Gynaecologists are involved in your reproductive health from puberty through menopause. A gynaecologist can also treat certain conditions affecting your rectum, bladder and urethra depending on how it relates to your reproductive system. However, a urologist or colorectal surgeon may be the better option depending on your symptoms and diagnosis.
What does a gynaecologist do?
A gynaecologist diagnoses and treats issues with female reproductive organs. They deal with all aspects of sexual health like preventive care, cancer screenings and physical exams. Some of the services and tests provided are:
- Pelvic exams and external genital exams.
- Pap tests and cancer screenings.
- Testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Diagnosing diseases and disorders of sex organs.
- Family planning birth control.
- Issues with menstruation or menopause.
- Helping with issues related to same-sex couples or transgender individuals.
Some gynaecologists are also obstetricians (OBGYNs). gynaecologists can also specialize in certain aspects of gynecology like menopause, reconstructive surgery or reproductive oncology.
What conditions do gynaecologists treat?
gynaecologists diagnose and treat conditions that affect your reproductive system.
Some of these conditions include:
- Endometriosis.
- Ovarian cysts.
- Uterine fibroids.
- Vaginal infections.
- Cancer of your uterus, ovaries or cervix.
- Pelvic pain.
- Irregular bleeding.
- Menopause.
- Issues related to menstruation or your menstrual cycle.
Additionally, a gynaecologist treats any lumps, pimples or boils in your vagina or on your vulva (external genitalia).
When would I need to see a gynaecologist?
A gynaecologist specializes in all aspects of a woman’s – or person AFAB’s – reproductive health including preventative care and screenings for cancer or STIs. Visiting a gynaecologist should be part of your routine health if you’re sexually active or between 13 and 15. The ACOG recommends an annual checkup with your gynaecologist.
Additionally, you should see a gynaecologist when you have the following symptoms:
- Painful menstruation.
- Irregular vaginal bleeding or discharge.
- Trouble getting pregnant.
- Vaginal itching or unpleasant vaginal odor.
- Pelvic pain.
- Pain during sex or sexual dysfunction.
- Growths, sores or lumps in your vaginal area.